syllable

Syllable comes through Middle English and Anglo-Norman from Old French sillebe, from Latin syllaba, itself from Greek συλλαβή (sullabḗ).

The Greek word traces back to συλλαμβάνω (sullambánō), meaning 'to gather together,' built from συν- ('together') and λαμβάνω ('to take') — so the idea of sounds being 'taken together' became the unit we call a syllable.

The facts given don't name another English word sharing this root, so no cognate can be claimed here.