bedlam

Bedlam comes from Bethlem, a shortened, corrupted form of Bethlehem — the hospital known as Bethlem Royal Hospital (a priory from 1247, later a hospital for the mentally ill from 1403) was commonly called Bedlam by 1450. Bethlehem itself traces back through Ancient Greek Βηθλεέμ to Biblical Hebrew בֵּית לֶחֶם, meaning 'house of bread.'

What began as a place name for a specific London hospital became a general word for any scene of madness and chaos, as the hospital's reputation gave its name a life of its own.

Spanish speakers reached for a similar idea with belén, which also means 'confusion, disorder' — worth noting as a parallel, though the facts don't establish a direct link between the two words.