rhinoceros

From Latin rhīnocerōs, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥῑνόκερως (rhīnókerōs, 'nose-horned'), itself built from ῥῑ́ς/ῥῑνός (rhī́s/rhīnós, 'nose') plus κέρας (kéras, 'horn').

The name has stayed remarkably literal — Greek speakers looked at the animal, saw a horn sitting on its nose, and named it exactly that.

The facts given don't support tracing this to any other English cognate beyond its direct descent through Latin and Greek.