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espionage

ESS-pee-uh-nahzh · noun

Proto-GermanicFrankishOld FrenchMiddle FrenchFrenchEnglish

Origin

Recorded in English since 1793, espionage comes from French espionnage, from espionner ("to spy"), ultimately from Old French espion ("spy"), which traces back through Frankish *spehōn to Proto-Germanic *spehōną ("to spy, peek, peer").

Journey

The initial s of espion had actually fallen silent in French since the 13th century, but it was restored in modern pronunciation under the influence of Italian spione ("spy") — and English speakers adopted that restored s-sound too.

Related words

It shares its Proto-Germanic root, *spehōną, with the English word spy.

More words

From Frankish

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