consonant

From Middle English consonant or consonaunt, from Old French consonant, from Latin cōnsonāns, meaning 'sounding with,' built from con- ('with') plus sonāns, the present participle of sonāre ('to sound'). The Latin word was itself a calque of the Ancient Greek súmphōnon.

The facts don't show a shift in meaning — the term seems to have carried the same 'sounding with' sense from Greek through Latin, French, and into English.

It shares its root sonāre ('to sound') with any English word built on 'son-,' since that Latin verb is the engine behind cōnsonāns.